Lub hauv paus ua rau cov roj ntau lawm hauv lithium{0}} ion roj teeb yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj tsis zoo thiab cov tshuaj electrochemical sab hauv lub roj teeb. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no haus cov khoom nquag hauv lub roj teeb, cuam tshuam kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov qauv sab hauv, thiab tsim cov khoom gaseous. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau muaj teeb meem kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo xws li roj teeb bulging, muaj peev xwm lwj, thiab lub neej luv luv, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb xws li roj teeb to, hluav taws kub, thiab txawm tias tawg. Raws li cov qauv sab hauv thiab cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm lithium- ion roj teeb, cov roj tsim tawm feem ntau yog los ntawm tsib yam tseem ceeb hauv qab no, txhua qhov sib cuam tshuam thiab feem ntau sib koom ua ke thiab ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim ntau ntxiv ntawm cov pa roj.
Ua ntej, electrolyte decomposition
Cov electrolyte, raws li lub hauv paus nruab nrab rau ion thauj nyob rau hauv ib tug lithium{0}}ion roj teeb, yog tsim los ntawm cov organic solvents, lithium ntsev, thiab additives. Nws txoj kev ruaj ntseg ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau roj teeb kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau hauv siab - qhov kub thiab txias (siab tshaj 60 degree) los yog thaum siv tsis zoo voltage (xws li overcharging los yog them voltage ntau tshaj qhov kev nyab xeeb), cov organic solvents nyob rau hauv lub electrolyte undergo oxidation los yog txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab decompose, rhuav tshem tus thawj molecular qauv. Cov txheej txheem no tsim ntau yam roj, feem ntau carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH₄), thiab ethylene (C₂H₄). Ntawm cov no, CO thiab lwm cov pa roj yog tshuaj lom, ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntxiv.
Qhov thib ob, muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab rov tsim kho ntawm SEI zaj duab xis
SEI (khoom electrolyte interface) zaj duab xis ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode nto yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv zaj duab xis uas ib txwm tsim thaum thawj zaug thiab tawm ntawm lub roj teeb lithium. Nws tiv thaiv cov electrolyte los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, ua kom cov roj teeb ua haujlwm tau zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub roj teeb raug overcharging, dhau - tso tawm, kub kub, lossis kev co hnyav, SEI zaj duab xis tuaj yeem tawg. Lub sijhawm no, cov electrolyte yuav hnov mob nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo dua, sim kho SEI zaj duab xis puas. Qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab kho dua tshiab no txuas ntxiv tsim cov pa roj, feem ntau suav nrog hydrogen (H₂), ethylene (C₂H₄), thiab ethane (C₂H₆). Sij hawm dhau mus, qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau SEI zaj duab xis poob nws txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv.
Thirdly, muaj cov dej noo ntau dhau
Lithium -Ion roj teeb muaj qhov xav tau siab heev rau cov ntsiab lus noo noo sab hauv. Txawm tias cov dej ntau npaum li cas (ppm qib, piv txwv li, ib feem ntawm ib lab) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev. Moisture reacts nrog cov tub ntxhais lithium ntsev hauv cov electrolyte (xws li lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF₆) los tsim cov corrosive hydrofluoric acid (HF). HF tsis tsuas yog ua rau SEI zaj duab xis puas xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kev tshwm sim sab nraud, suav nrog electrolyte decomposition thiab electrode cov khoom siv corrosion, ua rau cov pa roj xws li hydrogen (H₂), hydrogen fluoride (HF), carbon monoxide (CO), thiab carbon dioxide (CO₂), thaum tib lub sijhawm corroding cov roj teeb sab hauv.
Plaub, muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv cathode
Cov khoom siv cathode yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub zog cia thiab tso tawm ntawm lithium{0}} ion roj teeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siab -nickel ternary cathode cov ntaub ntawv, uas muaj cov qauv tsis zoo. Raws li overcharge lossis siab - qhov kub thiab txias, cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm cov khoom siv cathode tawg, tso oxygen. Qhov no oxygen reacts hnyav nrog cov electrolyte, ntxiv intensifying electrolyte decomposition thiab tsim cov pa roj ntau, feem ntau yog oxygen (O₂) thiab carbon dioxide (CO₂). Oxygen accelerates combustion tshua, ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm roj teeb hluav taws.
Thib tsib, sab cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv anode
Cov khoom siv anode sib txawv muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm cov roj. Cov ntaub ntawv tshiab anode, xws li silicon anodes, muaj kev hloov pauv loj thaum lub sij hawm them nqi thiab tso tawm (tus nqi nthuav dav tuaj yeem tshaj 300%). Qhov kev nthuav dav ntxiv thiab kev cog lus tsis tu ncua ua rau SEI zaj duab xis puas tsuaj, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis tu ncua thiab txuas ntxiv roj. Ib txwm graphite anodes, nyob rau hauv tshaj - tso tawm lossis siab - qhov kub thiab txias, kuj ua rau cov electrolyte tsim cov pa roj xws li hydrogen (H₂), ethylene (C₂H₄), thiab ethane (C₂H₆), cuam tshuam cov roj teeb kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb.
txog peb
Acey txawj ntsemuaj nplooj siab xav xa ib qho kev daws teeb meem rau ob qho tib si semi-automatic thiab tag nrho-automatic lithium roj teeb pob los ua ke kab, pab kev siv xws li lub zog cia (ESS), unmanned aerial tsheb (UAVs), e-bikes, e-scooters, cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, thiab ob-/peb-wheelers. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tuam txhab muaj ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv roj teeb sib dhos, suav nrog cov tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, cov roj teeb sorters, cov ntaub ntawv rwb thaiv tsev, CCD cov tshuab tshuaj xyuas, phau ntawv thiab tsis siv neeg qhov chaw vuam, BMS testers, roj teeb tag nrho testers, thiab roj teeb pob kuaj tshuab.
